Thermodynamics MCQ: For CSIR UGC NER Life Sciences Exams

Welcome to our collection of thermodynamics MCQ (multiple choice questions) for competitive exams such as CSIR UGC NET Life Sciences Examination. These thermodynamics MCQs have been designed to test your understanding of the fundamental concepts of thermodynamics, including the first and second laws of thermodynamics, heat, work, internal energy, enthalpy, and entropy.

They cover a wide range of topics such as thermodynamic systems, thermodynamic processes, thermodynamic properties of substances, thermochemistry, phase equilibria, and applications of thermodynamics.

The questions have been prepared with the intention of providing a comprehensive and challenging test of your thermodynamics knowledge. By practicing these MCQs, you will be able to improve your understanding of the subject and boost your chances of success in the examination.

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#1. What is chemical equilibrium?

A chemical reaction that releases a large amount of energy

A chemical reaction that releases a large amount of energy

The state in which the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional to each other.

The state in which the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional to each other.

The state in which the entropy of a closed system will always increase over time.

The state in which the entropy of a closed system will always increase over time.

The state in which the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal, and the concentrations of the reactants and products remain constant.

The state in which the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal, and the concentrations of the reactants and products remain constant.

#2. What is work?

The transfer of energy through the application of force.

The transfer of energy through the application of force.

The change in entropy of a system.

The change in entropy of a system.

The transfer of energy due to a temperature difference.

The transfer of energy due to a temperature difference.

The internal energy of a substance.

The internal energy of a substance.

#3. What is Hess's law?

A mathematical model that describes the behavior of gases under certain conditions.

A mathematical model that describes the behavior of gases under certain conditions.

The law that states that the enthalpy change of a chemical reaction is the same, regardless of the path taken to get from the reactants to the products.

The law that states that the enthalpy change of a chemical reaction is the same, regardless of the path taken to get from the reactants to the products.

The law that states that the entropy of a closed system will always increase over time.

The law that states that the entropy of a closed system will always increase over time.

The law that states that the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional to each other.

The law that states that the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional to each other.

#4. What is radiation?

The transfer of heat through a solid material by the movement of particles.

The transfer of heat through a solid material by the movement of particles.

The transfer of heat through a solid material by the movement of electromagnetic waves.

The transfer of heat through a solid material by the movement of electromagnetic waves.

The transfer of heat through a fluid by the movement of the fluid itself.

The transfer of heat through a fluid by the movement of the fluid itself.

The transfer of heat through a vacuum by electromagnetic waves.

The transfer of heat through a vacuum by electromagnetic waves.

#5. What is the second law of thermodynamics?

The entropy of a closed system will always increase over time.

The entropy of a closed system will always increase over time.

Energy can be converted from one form to another, but it cannot be created or destroyed.

Energy can be converted from one form to another, but it cannot be created or destroyed.

The heat absorbed by a system is equal to the work done on the system.

The heat absorbed by a system is equal to the work done on the system.

The pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional to each other.

The pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional to each other.

#6. What are refrigerants?

The enthalpies of a substance when it is formed from its elements in their standard states.

The enthalpies of a substance when it is formed from its elements in their standard states.

The enthalpy changes that occur during phase changes

The enthalpy changes that occur during phase changes

Substances that are used in refrigeration and air conditioning systems to transfer heat from a low temperature to a high temperature.

Substances that are used in refrigeration and air conditioning systems to transfer heat from a low temperature to a high temperature.

The enthalpies of a substance in its standard state.

The enthalpies of a substance in its standard state.

#7. What is the equilibrium constant?

A measure of the relative concentrations of the reactants and products at equilibrium

A measure of the relative concentrations of the reactants and products at equilibrium

The entropy change of a chemical reaction

The entropy change of a chemical reaction

The enthalpy change of a chemical reaction

The enthalpy change of a chemical reaction

The pressure and volume of a gas at equilibrium

The pressure and volume of a gas at equilibrium

#8. What is the internal energy of a substance?

The entropy of a substance.

The entropy of a substance.

The enthalpy of a substance.

The enthalpy of a substance.

The total energy of the molecules of a substance, including the kinetic energy of their motion and the potential energy of their interactions

The total energy of the molecules of a substance, including the kinetic energy of their motion and the potential energy of their interactions

The heat absorbed or released by a substance at a constant pressure.

The heat absorbed or released by a substance at a constant pressure.

#9. What are the modes of heat transfer?

Conduction, convection, and adiabatic expansion.

Conduction, convection, and adiabatic expansion.

Radiative heat transfer, conductive heat transfer, and convective heat transfer.

Radiative heat transfer, conductive heat transfer, and convective heat transfer.

Convection, conduction, and advection

Convection, conduction, and advection

Conduction, convection, and radiation.

Conduction, convection, and radiation.

#10. What is the Carnot cycle?

A power cycle that uses water as the working fluid, and is commonly used in steam power plants.

A power cycle that uses water as the working fluid, and is commonly used in steam power plants.

A chemical reaction that is at equilibrium

A chemical reaction that is at equilibrium

A theoretical power cycle that is the most efficient possible cycle for converting heat into work.

A theoretical power cycle that is the most efficient possible cycle for converting heat into work.

A refrigeration cycle that uses a compressor to raise the temperature of a refrigerant.

A refrigeration cycle that uses a compressor to raise the temperature of a refrigerant.

#11. What is entropy?

The total energy of the molecules of a substance, including the kinetic energy of their motion and the potential energy of their interactions.

The total energy of the molecules of a substance, including the kinetic energy of their motion and the potential energy of their interactions.

A measure of the disorder or randomness of a system

A measure of the disorder or randomness of a system

The measure of the energy of a system, including the heat absorbed or released at a constant pressure.

The measure of the energy of a system, including the heat absorbed or released at a constant pressure.

The heat absorbed or released by a substance at a constant volume.

The heat absorbed or released by a substance at a constant volume.

#12. What is convection?

The transfer of heat through a vacuum by electromagnetic waves.

The transfer of heat through a vacuum by electromagnetic waves.

The transfer of heat through a solid material by the movement of electromagnetic waves.

The transfer of heat through a solid material by the movement of electromagnetic waves.

The transfer of heat through a fluid by the movement of the fluid itself.

The transfer of heat through a fluid by the movement of the fluid itself.

The transfer of heat through a solid material by the movement of particles.

The transfer of heat through a solid material by the movement of particles.

#13. What is conduction?

The transfer of heat through a vacuum by electromagnetic waves

The transfer of heat through a vacuum by electromagnetic waves

The transfer of heat through a fluid by the movement of the fluid itself.

The transfer of heat through a fluid by the movement of the fluid itself.

The transfer of heat through a solid material by the movement of electromagnetic waves.

The transfer of heat through a solid material by the movement of electromagnetic waves.

The transfer of heat through a solid material by the movement of particles.

The transfer of heat through a solid material by the movement of particles.

#14. What are reversible and irreversible processes?

Processes that can be returned to their initial state by reversing the path of the process.

Processes that can be returned to their initial state by reversing the path of the process.

Processes that cannot be returned to their initial state by reversing the path of the process.

Processes that cannot be returned to their initial state by reversing the path of the process.

Processes that involve the transfer of energy, but not heat.

Processes that involve the transfer of energy, but not heat.

Processes that involve the transfer of heat, but not energy

Processes that involve the transfer of heat, but not energy

#15. What is the vapor pressure of a substance?

The entropy of a substance in its vapor phase

The entropy of a substance in its vapor phase

The enthalpy of a substance in its vapor phase.

The enthalpy of a substance in its vapor phase.

The pressure exerted by the vapor of a substance in equilibrium with its liquid or solid phase.

The pressure exerted by the vapor of a substance in equilibrium with its liquid or solid phase.

The volume of a substance in its vapor phase

The volume of a substance in its vapor phase

#16. What is the Rankine cycle?

A power cycle that uses water as the working fluid, and is commonly used in steam power plants.

A power cycle that uses water as the working fluid, and is commonly used in steam power plants.

A theoretical power cycle that is the most efficient possible cycle for converting heat into work.

A theoretical power cycle that is the most efficient possible cycle for converting heat into work.

A refrigeration cycle that uses a compressor to raise the temperature of a refrigerant.

A refrigeration cycle that uses a compressor to raise the temperature of a refrigerant.

A chemical reaction that is at equilibrium.

A chemical reaction that is at equilibrium.

#17. What are closed, open, and isolated systems?

Systems that can exchange energy, but not matter, with their surroundings.

Systems that can exchange energy, but not matter, with their surroundings.

Systems that can exchange neither energy nor matter with their surroundings.

Systems that can exchange neither energy nor matter with their surroundings.

Systems that can exchange both energy and matter with their surroundings.

Systems that can exchange both energy and matter with their surroundings.

Systems that can exchange energy, but not heat, with their surroundings.

Systems that can exchange energy, but not heat, with their surroundings.

#18. What is an ideal gas?

A gas that has no intermolecular forces.

A gas that has no intermolecular forces.

A hypothetical gas that follows the ideal gas law, a mathematical model that describes the behavior of gases under certain conditions.

A hypothetical gas that follows the ideal gas law, a mathematical model that describes the behavior of gases under certain conditions.

A gas that is perfectly incompressible.

A gas that is perfectly incompressible.

A real gas that behaves perfectly according to the ideal gas law.

A real gas that behaves perfectly according to the ideal gas law.

#19. What are the types of work?

Thermal work, mechanical work, and chemical work.

Thermal work, mechanical work, and chemical work.

Kinetic work, potential work, and mechanical work.

Kinetic work, potential work, and mechanical work.

Pressure-volume work, electrical work, and gravitational work.

Pressure-volume work, electrical work, and gravitational work.

Heat work, work-energy work, and work-heat work.

Heat work, work-energy work, and work-heat work.

#20. What are enthalpies of formation?

The enthalpy changes that occur during phase changes

The enthalpy changes that occur during phase changes

The enthalpies of a substance in its standard state

The enthalpies of a substance in its standard state

The enthalpy changes that occur during chemical reactions.

The enthalpy changes that occur during chemical reactions.

The enthalpies of a substance when it is formed from its elements in their standard states.

The enthalpies of a substance when it is formed from its elements in their standard states.

#21. What are phase diagrams?

Graphical representations of the phase changes that a substance can undergo as a function of temperature and pressure.

Graphical representations of the phase changes that a substance can undergo as a function of temperature and pressure.

Graphical representations of the vapor pressure of a substance as a function of temperature.

Graphical representations of the vapor pressure of a substance as a function of temperature.

Graphical representations of the enthalpy of a substance as a function of temperature and pressure.

Graphical representations of the enthalpy of a substance as a function of temperature and pressure.

Graphical representations of the entropy of a substance as a function of temperature and pressure.

Graphical representations of the entropy of a substance as a function of temperature and pressure.

#22. What is heat?

The transfer of energy due to a temperature difference.

The transfer of energy due to a temperature difference.

The work done on a system.

The work done on a system.

The internal energy of a substance.

The internal energy of a substance.

The change in entropy of a system.

The change in entropy of a system.

#23. What is enthalpy?

The entropy of a substance.

The entropy of a substance.

The heat absorbed or released by a substance at a constant volume.

The heat absorbed or released by a substance at a constant volume.

The measure of the energy of a system, including the heat absorbed or released at a constant pressure.

The measure of the energy of a system, including the heat absorbed or released at a constant pressure.

The total energy of the molecules of a substance, including the kinetic energy of their motion and the potential energy of their interactions.

The total energy of the molecules of a substance, including the kinetic energy of their motion and the potential energy of their interactions.

#24. What is the ideal gas law?

The law that states that the internal energy of an ideal gas is directly proportional to its temperature.

The law that states that the internal energy of an ideal gas is directly proportional to its temperature.

A mathematical model that describes the behavior of gases under certain conditions.

A mathematical model that describes the behavior of gases under certain conditions.

The law that states that the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas are directly proportional to each other.

The law that states that the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas are directly proportional to each other.

The law that states that the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional to each other.

The law that states that the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional to each other.

#25. What is the first law of thermodynamics?

The pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional to each other.

The pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional to each other.

The heat absorbed by a system is equal to the work done on the system.

The heat absorbed by a system is equal to the work done on the system.

Energy can be converted from one form to another, but it cannot be created or destroyed.

Energy can be converted from one form to another, but it cannot be created or destroyed.

The entropy of a closed system will always increase over time.

The entropy of a closed system will always increase over time.

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In conclusion, practicing thermodynamics MCQs is an essential step in preparing for competitive exams such as CSIR UGC NET Life Sciences Examination.

These questions have been designed to test your understanding of the fundamental concepts of thermodynamics, including the first and second laws of thermodynamics, heat, work, internal energy, enthalpy, and entropy.

By working through these MCQs, you will be able to improve your understanding of the subject and build your confidence for the examination.

We hope that this collection of thermodynamics MCQs will be a useful resource for you as you prepare for the exam. Remember, the more you practice, the better you will perform in the examination. Good luck!